Istanbul Joins Medina, Abu Dhabi, Casablanca, Samarra, and Cairo in the Exclusive List of Top 11 Must-Visit Mosques Around the World, Discover the Ultimate Spiritual and Architectural Wonders

Published on November 30, 2025

By: Tuhin Sarkar

Istanbul has officially joined the ranks of iconic cities like Medina, Abu Dhabi, Casablanca, Samarra, and Cairo in the exclusive list of the Top 11 Must-Visit Mosques Around the World. These cities boast some of the most breathtaking mosques, showcasing the ultimate spiritual and architectural wonders the world has to offer. From Istanbul’s majestic Sultan Ahmed Mosque to Medina’s revered Prophet’s Mosque, each destination represents a unique chapter in Islamic architecture and history. Explore the stunning beauty and spiritual significance of these mosques, and discover why they should be on every traveller’s bucket list.

Pope Leo XIV made a historic visit to Istanbul’s Sultan Ahmed Mosque, famously known as the Blue Mosque, marking his first visit to a Muslim place of worship since becoming Pope in May. This visit is seen as a significant gesture of interfaith dialogue and respect, reflecting the Pope’s commitment to fostering understanding between religions.

Upon entering the mosque, the Pontiff was seen bowing as a sign of reverence for the sacred space. However, unlike his two predecessors, Pope Leo XIV did not engage in prayer during his visit. This is noted as a departure from past papal visits to Muslim mosques, where previous Popes had participated in prayer rituals. The Vatican clarified that Pope Leo’s visit was meant to be a moment of reflection and listening, emphasizing his deep respect for both the mosque and the faith of those who gather there to pray.

The Pope’s visit to Istanbul is part of a four-day trip to Turkey, aimed at strengthening the relationship between the Catholic Church and Muslim communities. After his time in Istanbul, Pope Leo XIV is set to continue his journey with a visit to Lebanon, furthering his mission of promoting peace and mutual understanding across different faiths.

In Istanbul, the Pope was also welcomed at St. George’s Cathedral by Patriarch Bartholomew, the head of the Eastern Orthodox Church. This visit highlights the Pope’s ongoing efforts to build bridges between the Catholic and Orthodox Christian communities, continuing the tradition of dialogue and cooperation between the two branches of Christianity.

Throughout this trip, Pope Leo XIV has reiterated the importance of unity, peace, and respect among all faiths. His visit to the Blue Mosque, a significant symbol of Islamic heritage, underscores his dedication to fostering deeper interfaith relationships and promoting harmony among the world’s diverse religious communities.

1. Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Blue Mosque) – Istanbul, Turkey: A Majestic Symbol of Ottoman Glory

The Sultan Ahmed Mosque in Istanbul, famously known as the Blue Mosque, is an architectural marvel that attracts millions of visitors each year. Built between 1609 and 1616, this mosque is a true testament to the grandeur of the Ottoman Empire. Its striking design, with its six towering minarets and immense dome, creates a mesmerizing visual impression, especially when illuminated at night. The mosque’s interior, adorned with over 20,000 handmade tiles in blue, green, and white, makes it one of the most photogenic places in the world.

Tourists are drawn to its harmonious blend of Byzantine and Ottoman architecture. The grand courtyard and serene atmosphere make it an essential stop for anyone visiting Istanbul. Sultan Ahmed Mosque isn’t just an iconic symbol of Islamic architecture, but a living, functioning mosque that continues to offer a space for worship and reflection.

2. Masjid al-Haram – Mecca, Saudi Arabia: The Heart of Islamic Pilgrimage

Masjid al-Haram, located in Mecca, is the largest mosque in the world. It surrounds the Kaaba, the most sacred site in Islam. Every year, millions of Muslims from around the globe embark on the Hajj pilgrimage to this awe-inspiring mosque. The mosque’s vast prayer halls and expansive courtyards can accommodate more than 2 million worshippers during peak pilgrimage periods.

What sets Masjid al-Haram apart is not just its scale but its spiritual significance. For Muslims, this mosque is the beating heart of their faith. The Kaaba, draped in its black cloth, is the direction of prayer for every Muslim worldwide. The mosque’s grandeur, with its massive minarets and ornate features, will leave you speechless.

3. Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (Prophet’s Mosque) – Medina, Saudi Arabia: A Spiritual Landmark of Islam

Al-Masjid an-Nabawi in Medina is the second holiest mosque in Islam, after the Masjid al-Haram. Built by the Prophet Muhammad himself, it is home to the Prophet’s tomb, making it a pilgrimage site of great religious importance. Visitors come to pay homage to the Prophet and gain a deeper understanding of Islamic history and traditions.

The mosque’s impressive design, with its beautiful green dome and majestic courtyard, exudes a peaceful atmosphere. Arabic calligraphy and mosaic work decorate its interior, creating a calm and meditative environment. Its size and significance make it a destination that draws millions of pilgrims and tourists annually.

4. Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque – Abu Dhabi, UAE: A Modern Wonder of Islamic Architecture

The Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque in Abu Dhabi stands as a true masterpiece of modern Islamic architecture. Completed in 2007, this mosque is one of the largest in the world. Its white marble walls, golden chandeliers, and intricate floral patterns make it a breathtaking sight to behold. The mosque’s 44-metre-high minarets and 82 domes add to its grandeur, making it a true architectural gem.

Beyond its physical beauty, the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is a symbol of unity, bringing together Islamic traditions with modern design. Visitors from all around the world are welcome to explore the mosque’s immense prayer hall, which can accommodate over 7,000 worshippers. It’s the perfect place for anyone seeking to experience the fusion of tradition and contemporary elegance.

5. Hassan II Mosque – Casablanca, Morocco: A Coastal Gem

The Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca, Morocco, is one of the most stunning mosques in the world. Built along the Atlantic coast, its minaret towers over the ocean at 210 meters, making it the tallest mosque in the world. The mosque’s unique location gives it a breathtaking view of the sea and offers a spiritual experience like no other.

With its intricate tilework and grand interior, the mosque is a perfect example of Moroccan craftsmanship. Its dome, minaret, and arches showcase Islamic design at its finest. Visitors can explore the mosque’s beautiful courtyards and spacious halls, all while absorbing the peaceful atmosphere that surrounds it.

6. Faisal Mosque – Islamabad, Pakistan: A Modern Icon of Pakistan’s Spirituality

The Faisal Mosque in Islamabad, Pakistan, is one of the most distinctive mosques in the world. Built in the 1980s, its unique design departs from traditional Islamic architecture. Instead of a dome, the mosque resembles a Bedouin tent, with four towering minarets that rise high above the landscape. Its white marble structure is set against the backdrop of the Margalla Hills, creating a stunning visual contrast.

With a capacity of 100,000 worshippers, Faisal Mosque is one of the largest in the world. It’s not just a place of worship but a national symbol of Pakistan’s Islamic heritage. The mosque’s modern design and serene location make it a must-see for anyone interested in the fusion of tradition and innovation.

7. Jama Masjid – Delhi, India: A Mughal Masterpiece

Jama Masjid in Delhi, India, is one of the largest and most beautiful mosques in India. Built by Emperor Shah Jahan, the mosque’s grand courtyards and towering minarets are a testament to the grandeur of Mughal architecture. Its intricate marble and sandstone work and huge domes make it a must-visit destination for architecture enthusiasts and history buffs alike.

The mosque’s location in the heart of Old Delhi gives it a distinct cultural and spiritual significance. With space for 25,000 worshippers, the mosque serves as a place of both daily prayers and special religious occasions. The view from its southern courtyard is absolutely magnificent, providing a glimpse into the soul of Delhi.

8. Great Mosque of Samarra – Samarra, Iraq: A Historic Landmark

The Great Mosque of Samarra in Iraq is an ancient mosque with a spiral minaret that has stood the test of time. Built in the 9th century, the mosque was once one of the largest in the world. While much of the mosque is now in ruins, the spiral minaret, also known as the Malwiya Tower, still stands as a symbol of Islamic architecture and innovation.

The mosque was once a center of learning and religious significance. Today, it remains an important historical site, offering visitors a chance to connect with Iraq’s Islamic heritage. The Malwiya Tower, which spirals dramatically upwards, continues to captivate those who visit this ancient landmark.

9. Al-Azhar Mosque – Cairo, Egypt: A Centre of Learning and Worship

The Al-Azhar Mosque in Cairo, Egypt, is one of the oldest and most important Islamic institutions in the world. Founded in the 10th century, Al-Azhar Mosque is not only a place of worship but also a centre of learning. It houses the Al-Azhar University, one of the most prestigious Islamic universities in the world.

Al-Azhar’s historic architecture, elegant courtyards, and mosaic decorations attract tourists and scholars alike. As a living institution, it offers visitors a chance to experience both the rich history and modern relevance of Islam. Whether you’re there for spiritual reasons or to soak in the centuries of Islamic knowledge, Al-Azhar is a must-visit.

10. Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque – Isfahan, Iran: A Persian Jewel

Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque in Isfahan, Iran, is often considered one of the most beautiful mosques in the world. Built during the Safavid period, its intricate tilework and dome are a visual delight. The mosque’s unique design and symmetry make it a standout example of Persian Islamic architecture.

The dome of Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque is particularly famous for its vibrant blue tiles, which shine in the sunlight. The mosque’s interior is equally stunning, with its decorative details and caligraphic artistry. As one of the best-preserved mosques in Iran, it is a perfect example of the fusion of Islamic faith and Persian artistry.

11. Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmed Mosque) – Istanbul, Turkey: A Heavenly Experience

We’ve already talked about the Blue Mosque earlier, but it deserves to be revisited for its exceptional beauty and spiritual significance. Its intricate designs and divine atmosphere make it a unique experience. It’s a symbol of Ottoman history and a spiritual hub for Muslims worldwide.

Final Thoughts: Discover These Stunning Mosques

These 15 mosques across the globe are not just places of worship; they are architectural wonders, spiritual havens, and windows into the diverse cultures of the Islamic world. Each mosque on this list tells a story of tradition, innovation, and beauty that has stood the test of time. Whether you’re an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or a traveler seeking a spiritual experience, these mosques should be at the top of your list.