Now, Syria Attachted With Iraq And Afghanistan In Begining Tourism Revival To Reclaim Lost Glory Amid Post-War Challenges

Published on July 7, 2025

For thirteen years, war has ravaged Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan and devastated their previous booming tourism sectors. But the countries are undertaking a massive reconstruction effort by using their histories, ancient monuments, and natural attractions as bait in the hope of luring back foreign tourists. As they emerge from the war-torn region into the post-conflict environment, there are signs of potential in rebuilding their tourism sectors. Sanctions are easing, investment is coming in, and foreign collaboration, the long recovery process will gradually take shape, and the future of a booming tourism sector becomes increasingly realizable.

Syria: A Historic Tourism Resurgence

Syria’s tourism sector has faced unparalleled destruction due to the brutal civil war that began in 2011. Once a jewel of the Middle East, Syria boasted an annual influx of 8.5 million tourists, contributing $6.3 billion to the economy, according to data from the World Bank. Key destinations such as Palmyra, the Old City of Damascus, and the Citadel of Aleppo attracted global travelers with their unparalleled history and ancient ruins. The civil war decimated much of the country’s infrastructure and left many of its cultural landmarks in ruins. However, a renewed focus on tourism has sparked hope for recovery.

The Syrian government has started laying the foundation for the revival of tourism, with ambitious plans that go beyond the restoration of its historic sites. The Ministry of Tourism has begun focusing on eco-tourism and nature-based tourism, aiming to tap into Syria’s vast and varied landscapes, from the stunning Mediterranean coastline to the majestic heights of Mount Qasioun. Additionally, there are growing efforts to create wellness retreats and adventure tourism experiences that combine Syria’s cultural treasures with its natural wonders.

Efforts to restore historical sites, such as Palmyra, which was severely damaged by ISIS, are making progress. The Directorate-General of Antiquities and Museums is spearheading these initiatives, with international assistance expected to speed up restoration. The government’s commitment to tourism has also been supported by eased international sanctions, allowing for increased investment in infrastructure and services. The easing of sanctions in 2025, along with growing interest from regional investors, indicates that Syria is on a path to rebuilding its tourism industry as a vital economic pillar.

Iraq: A Phoenix Rising from the Ashes

Similarly, Iraq, with its own storied past and ancient landmarks, is beginning its tourism revival. Despite facing similar challenges to Syria, Iraq’s tourism sector is witnessing slow but steady growth. Before the onset of the Iraq War in 2003, Iraq was home to some of the most significant archaeological treasures in the world, including the ancient ruins of Babylon, the ziggurats of Ur, and the capital of the Assyrian Empire, Nineveh. The tourism industry generated substantial revenue, but decades of war and instability decimated these landmarks and the infrastructure that supported them.

Recent efforts to rebuild Iraq’s tourism sector are being led by the Iraq Ministry of Culture, Tourism, and Antiquities. The government has placed a particular focus on preserving and restoring key archaeological sites while promoting sustainable tourism practices. A shift towards eco-tourism, wellness tourism, and cultural tourism, akin to efforts seen in AlUla, Saudi Arabia, is taking root in Iraq. The creation of guided tours, small-scale accommodations, and partnerships with international tourism organizations is helping the country regain its footing in the global tourism market.

Notably, the opening of Iraq’s first post-war international hotel chains, such as those by Marriott and Hilton, represents a significant leap toward attracting high-end tourists, while the rehabilitation of sites like Babylon has caught the attention of travelers with an interest in ancient history and archaeology.

Afghanistan: From Conflict to Culture

Afghanistan’s tourism sector is the most recent to begin its recovery efforts. The country, known for its rich cultural heritage and natural beauty, was once home to thriving tourist destinations, such as the ancient city of Bamiyan, the Minaret of Jam, and the stunning landscapes of the Hindu Kush Mountains. Yet, the years of conflict, including the recent Taliban rule, have left Afghanistan’s tourism industry virtually non-existent. However, with a focus on rebuilding, Afghanistan is working hard to revive its tourism potential.

The Afghanistan Ministry of Information and Culture has taken the first steps toward creating a sustainable tourism infrastructure. These efforts include the restoration of cultural and historical sites, particularly in the Bamiyan Valley, which is home to the famous Buddha statues that were destroyed in 2001. There is also an emphasis on promoting eco-tourism, focusing on Afghanistan’s diverse landscapes, which range from high-altitude mountains to expansive deserts. The goal is to attract travelers interested in experiencing Afghanistan’s unique culture, natural beauty, and rich history.

Moreover, Afghanistan’s strategic position as a bridge between Central Asia and the Middle East could allow it to tap into niche tourism markets, such as adventure tourism and cultural exchange programs. The country’s tourism recovery plan is cautious yet optimistic, as it seeks to rebuild infrastructure, create tourism-friendly policies, and enhance security to regain the trust of international travelers.

Impact of Tourism Revival: Economic and Social Transformation

The revival of tourism in Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan promises to bring significant economic and social benefits. First and foremost, tourism can serve as a powerful driver of economic recovery. By reviving cultural and natural landmarks, these countries can attract tourists seeking history, culture, and adventure, much like their neighbors in the region who have experienced tourism booms in recent years.

The return of international visitors can generate much-needed revenue, providing financial support for reconstruction projects, infrastructure development, and local businesses. For example, the restoration of Palmyra and other UNESCO World Heritage Sites can spark international tourism, which in turn benefits local artisans, hospitality businesses, and transport services.

Moreover, tourism can be a catalyst for job creation in these nations. Local communities can benefit from the tourism sector through employment opportunities in hotels, transportation, tour guiding, and hospitality services. Training programs for young people, particularly in the areas of hospitality and tourism management, can ensure that these nations create a sustainable workforce to support the industry in the long term.

Socially, tourism offers a chance to rebrand Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan on the global stage. By attracting foreign visitors, these countries can share their rich cultures, traditions, and resilience, while also fostering international relationships and improving their diplomatic standing. Cultural tourism offers an opportunity for the public to engage with the country’s heritage in a meaningful way, thus rebuilding pride and identity.

Challenges Remain: Overcoming Obstacles to Full Recovery

Despite the optimism surrounding the tourism revival, Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan face significant challenges that could impede their efforts. Security concerns are at the forefront, as areas previously controlled by insurgent groups may still pose risks to travelers. International travel advisories from countries like the U.S. and the UK continue to highlight the dangers of visiting certain regions.

Moreover, the lack of modern infrastructure—such as reliable transport, accommodation, and healthcare facilities—remains a critical barrier to attracting international tourists. These countries must invest heavily in updating their infrastructure to meet global tourism standards, a process that will take years and require substantial financial investment.

Finally, the ongoing political instability in these regions, while improving in some cases, presents another challenge. The ability to restore trust among international governments and tourists is crucial to ensuring the long-term success of the tourism revival efforts.

The Road Ahead: A Hopeful Path Forward

Tourism recovery in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria is a significant move towards reconstruction and post-conflict economy after war. Through revitalization and preservation of historical and cultural heritage sites, adopting eco-tourism, and receiving foreign investment, these countries are creating grounds for a successful and robust tourism industry. Although the challenges are significant, the rebuilding process of the economy, lifting off sanctions, and rising demand by world tourists make the future look bright.

With time and effort, the nations are gradually but assuredly regaining their place in the list as tourist locations. For the adventurers in search of off-beat journeys, the forgotten nations are now regaining their charm as attractive locations. It’s a long road ahead, yet the process towards the revival of tourism has already been initiated.

References:
Ministry of Tourism, Syrian Arab Republic, Iraq Ministry of Culture, Tourism, and Antiquities, Ministry of Information and Culture, Afghanistan, Directorate-General of Antiquities and Museums, United Nations World Tourism Organization