Shigella Outbreak in the UK Linked to Cape Verde Travel – Over 130 Infected in Latest International Health Concern

Published on December 5, 2025

A recent Shigella outbreak has been reported in the United Kingdom, with over 130 individuals falling ill after traveling to Cape Verde. According to the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), the rise in Shigella infections has been linked to travel, primarily to the Cape Verdean islands, specifically the Santa Maria and Boa Vista regions. As of December 2025, 137 confirmed cases of Shigella sonnei, a type of bacteria that causes dysentery, have been recorded. Of those affected, 99 were women, and the ages of the patients range from less than one year to 81, with the majority of cases found in individuals aged 50 to 59. The outbreak has impacted not only England but also Scotland and Wales, with 113 cases in England, 12 in Scotland, and another 12 in Wales.

Early Investigations Indicate a Common Source

The initial investigation suggests that the strain of Shigella sonnei causing the outbreak has a genetic similarity across the reported cases, indicating a common source. As the UKHSA continues to analyze the situation, international health authorities are working together to understand the full scope of the outbreak. Public Health Scotland (PHS), Public Health Wales (PHW), and the Public Health Agency in Northern Ireland are all involved in the ongoing investigation. It is noteworthy that this strain does not show resistance to common antimicrobials typically used to treat travel-related diarrhea, which means treatment options remain largely effective.

Cape Verde: A Consistent Source of Illnesses for Tourists

The link between Cape Verde and outbreaks of foodborne illnesses is not a new concern. This recent Shigella outbreak adds to a growing list of health incidents related to the region. In fact, the UKHSA’s findings follow a concerning trend: since 2022, more than 1,400 British holidaymakers have reported illnesses linked to stays at hotels in Cape Verde. These cases include diagnoses of various infections such as E. coli, Salmonella, Cryptosporidium, and Shigella. Many of those affected required hospitalization, either abroad or upon their return to the UK.

In 2023, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) also noted a significant rise in Shigella sonnei cases, primarily among travelers returning from Cape Verde. Over 250 infections were reported across 10 European countries, including the UK and the U.S. This has prompted increased scrutiny of hygiene practices at hotels and resorts in Cape Verde, where the majority of these infections were contracted.

The Need for Better Health and Hygiene Standards

As these outbreaks continue to raise alarms, experts are emphasizing the importance of proper hygiene practices at hotels and resorts catering to international tourists. Michael Walker, a partner at Holiday Claims Bureau, has called attention to the need for tour operators and holiday resorts to be held accountable for maintaining health and hygiene standards. With the increasing number of illnesses linked to Cape Verde, Walker urges that greater responsibility be placed on these businesses to protect their guests from preventable diseases.

Symptoms and Transmission of Shigella Sonnei

Shigella infection, which is responsible for the recent outbreak, can lead to severe diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps. These symptoms typically manifest one to two days after coming into contact with the bacteria. The illness can last anywhere from 5 to 7 days, although in some cases, symptoms may persist for several weeks.

Shigella sonnei is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, meaning that even microscopic amounts of contaminated feces can cause infection. This can occur through direct person-to-person transmission or indirectly through contaminated food, water, or surfaces. The infection is often seen in regions where Shigella is endemic, and it is particularly common among travelers who visit areas with inadequate sanitation and hygiene practices.

Addressing the Growing Concerns Over Travel-Related Illnesses

The link between travel to Cape Verde and Shigella infections highlights the broader issue of travel-related illnesses, particularly in regions where hygiene practices at hotels and resorts may not meet international standards. These outbreaks not only affect public health but also have significant implications for the travel and tourism industry. As tourists become more aware of the risks associated with certain destinations, there is an increasing demand for better accountability from travel operators and hotel management.

In response to the growing number of illnesses, there have been calls for more stringent monitoring and regulation of health and hygiene practices at hotels in tourist-heavy regions like Cape Verde. Both travelers and public health experts are urging for greater transparency regarding the safety standards implemented at these facilities, particularly when it comes to sanitation and food safety.

Ongoing International Efforts to Control the Outbreak

The UKHSA and other public health agencies are continuing to monitor the outbreak closely. As part of their investigation, international communications are underway, with agencies working together to share data and assess the situation. It is hoped that by sharing information and coordinating responses, health authorities can limit the spread of Shigella sonnei and prevent future outbreaks in travelers.

This incident underscores the need for continued vigilance in the global fight against foodborne illnesses. While efforts are being made to prevent the spread of Shigella, it remains crucial for travelers to be aware of the risks and take necessary precautions when visiting destinations with a history of such outbreaks.

Conclusion: The Path Forward for Travel Health and Safety

The ongoing Shigella outbreak linked to Cape Verde highlights the vulnerability of international travelers to foodborne illnesses. As health authorities work to contain the current outbreak, attention must also be given to the long-term issue of travel-related illnesses. In the future, improving health and hygiene standards at hotels and resorts, enhancing public health communication, and ensuring better regulatory oversight will be essential in reducing the risk of such outbreaks. For now, travelers are encouraged to remain vigilant, follow safety guidelines, and stay informed about potential health risks when traveling to high-risk destinations.