The Golden Night-Time Transformation Of Pattadakal’s UNESCO Heritage Monuments To Boost Regional Tourism

Published on December 20, 2025

The historic landscape of the Pattadakal UNESCO World Heritage Site has been significantly transformed through the introduction of a sophisticated night-time illumination system. This initiative has been designed to provide an after-dark spectacle that highlights the intricate craftsmanship of the Chalukyan architecture. As the sun descends behind the Malaprabha river, the vast temple complex is no longer swallowed by darkness but is instead bathed in a warm golden glow. This development marks a pivotal shift in how the Bagalkot district manages its cultural assets, ensuring that the monuments are accessible and visually captivating long after sunset.

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), in collaboration with the Indian Oil Corporation, has successfully implemented this project to enhance the tourism experience in Northern Karnataka. It is observed that the newly installed lighting allows the finely carved stone surfaces to reveal details that are frequently obscured by the harsh glare of daylight. Through this cultural preservation effort, the architectural nuances of the Virupaksha temple and other surrounding structures are presented with a theatrical elegance that encourages visitors to linger and reflect upon the historical depth of the region.

A New Chapter for the City of Coronations

A three-day demonstration was conducted from December 19 to 21 to showcase the efficacy of the new lighting infrastructure. During this period, the temples were illuminated between the hours of 6 pm and 9 pm, attracting significant attention from tourists and locals alike. It is noted by officials that this trial phase was essential for testing the technical aspects of the system and making any necessary adjustments before the formal inauguration. Prior to this installation, the rhythm of visitation was dictated by the natural light cycle, necessitating that the site be vacated by dusk. The introduction of artificial lighting is intended to alter this pattern, permitting a more relaxed and immersive engagement with the heritage site.

The project represents the second major illumination undertaking in the region, following the successful lighting of the Gol Gumbaz in the Vijayapura district. According to Ramesh S Mulimani, the Superintending Archaeologist of the ASI Dharwad Circle, the response to previous projects has been overwhelmingly positive, prompting the expansion of such initiatives to the entire Pattadakal group of monuments. The financial investment for this installation is reported at Rs 1.50 crore, funded under the Corporate Social Responsibility initiative of the Indian Oil Corporation. In a move toward sustainability, a portion of the energy required for the lighting is sourced from solar power, supplemented by conventional electrical lines.

The Historical Significance of the Chalukyan Triad

The importance of Pattadakal is deeply rooted in its role as the ceremonial heart of the Chalukyan empire. While Badami functioned as the administrative capital and Aihole served as a prominent center for temple construction, Pattadakal was specifically designated as the site for royal coronations. This historical function is preserved in its name, which translates to the place of coronation. Throughout the 7th and 9th centuries, the site reached its zenith as a commemorative location where art, political power, and religious devotion were synthesized into stone.

The architectural diversity found within the complex is attributed to the patronage of King Vikramaditya II and his queens, Lokamahadevi and Trailokyamahadevi. It is recorded that sculptors were brought from Kanchipuram to contribute to the construction, leading to a unique confluence of northern and southern Indian architectural styles. This blend of Nagara and Dravida traditions is evident in the major structures such as the Sangameshwara, Galaganatha, and Mallikarjuna temples. The illumination system now serves to accentuate these stylistic differences, providing a clear visual narrative of the dynasty’s artistic evolution.

Strategic Enhancements for Regional Tourism

Statistical data indicates a robust interest in the heritage sites of the region, with Badami recording over 4.37 lakh domestic and 53,000 foreign visitors in the preceding year. Pattadakal and Aihole also maintained significant footfalls, though the new illumination is expected to boost these numbers further by extending visiting hours. Tourism officials are optimistic that the enhanced visual appeal will encourage longer stays in the Bagalkot district, thereby benefiting the local economy.

In addition to the lighting project, several infrastructure improvements are currently being executed. A dedicated parking facility and a proposed 24-acre Pattadakal Plaza are among the major developments initiated by the government. The planned plaza is intended to house a variety of amenities, including restaurants, restrooms, and exhibition spaces dedicated to local handicrafts. Traditional products such as Ilkal sarees and Amingad karadantu will be showcased, providing visitors with a holistic cultural experience. Such integrated development plans are designed to modernize the visitor experience while maintaining the sanctity of the UNESCO site.

Looking Toward the Future of Heritage Preservation

The administration has further plans to enrich the cultural circuit by introducing sound-and-light shows at Badami. Additionally, a formal proposal has been submitted to include Aihole in the UNESCO World Heritage list, which would complete the international recognition of the historic triad. These efforts underscore a comprehensive strategy to preserve and promote the rich history of the Deccan region.

It is also important to recognize that the history of Pattadakal predates the Chalukyan era. Archaeological findings, including Iron Age dolmens at Bachinagudda, indicate that human habitation in the area extends back to prehistoric times. The current efforts to illuminate and develop the site ensure that this deep temporal narrative remains visible and appreciated by modern audiences. As the illumination system moves toward regular operation following its formal inauguration, the ancient stones of Pattadakal will continue to stand as a testament to India’s enduring architectural and cultural legacy, now visible under the stars.